The Kinetic Analysis of Circumstellar Disk around proto-BD Candidate: IC348-SMM2E

ABSTRACT :
Brown dwarfs, celestial objects bridging the gap between planets and stars (less than 0.07 Msun), hold a mystery in their formation scenario, between those of stars and planets. Unlike stars, they lack the mass for sustained nuclear fusion. A key question remains: How do they form in such low mass? The absence of observational evidence for young, forming brown dwarfs (proto-brown dwarfs) hinders our understanding of this process. Existing theories provide frameworks but have not been observationally confirmed yet. We analyze the disk-scale ALMA observations of the most compelling proto-brown dwarf candidate, IC348-SMM2E. By accurately estimating its central mass, we aim to illuminate whether the target will remain substellar even in the future. Successful identification of a proto-brown dwarf will provide a unique laboratory for studying the mechanisms of brown dwarf formation.